Classifying Matter

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chemical formula chemical bond atom compound molecule element

mixture distillation filtration evaporation magnetic attraction

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Scientists know that all matter in the universe is made of more than 100 different substances, called elements. An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means. Elements are the simplest substances and they can be identified by their specific physical and chemical properties.
All matter is made of atoms. An atom is the basic part from which all elements are made.Atoms of most elements are able to combine with other atoms.When atoms combine, they form a chemical bond. A chemical bond is a force of attraction between two atoms.In many cases, atoms combine to form larger particles called molecules. A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
Water,ammonia,and carbon dioxide are all compounds. A compound is a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a set ratio. A compound is represented by a chemical formula. A chemical formula shows what atoms are in a compound and how many atoms of each there are.
Elements and compounds are substances but most materials are mixtures. A mixture is made of two or more substances that are together in the same place, but their atoms are not chemically bonded.
Since the substances in a mixture keep their properties, you can use those properties to separate a mixture into its parts. The methods used to separate parts of a mixture include evaporation, distillation, filtration, and magnetic attraction.