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**Instructions:** Answer the following questions carefully. The test includes multiple-choice, matching, terminology-based, and scenario-based questions to assess your understanding of the 4Ps of the Marketing Mix.

<h2>Section 1: Multiple Choice </h2>
1. What is the primary purpose of the 'Product' element in the marketing mix?    a) Setting the right price for the target audience    b) Choosing the best advertising platform    c) Developing a good or service that satisfies customer needs    d) Determining the most effective distribution channels  
2. What is an example of 'Penetration Pricing'?    a) Introducing a product at a low price to attract customers and increase market share    b) Setting a high initial price and then lowering it over time    c) Using competitor-based pricing strategies    d) Adding a fixed markup percentage to production costs  
3. Which of the following is an example of 'Direct Distribution'?    a) Selling products through a retailer like Walmart    b) A company selling its products on its own website    c) Using wholesalers to distribute products to local stores    d) Partnering with third-party e-commerce platforms  
4. Which of the following is NOT part of the promotional mix?    a) Advertising    b) Personal Selling    c) Inventory Management    d) Public Relations
 
5. Which promotional method is best suited for building personal relationships with potential customers?**
   a) Public Relations
   b) Personal Selling
   c) Advertising
   d) Direct Mail Marketing
<h2>Section 2: Matching</h2>
Match the terms with their correct definitions by writing the corresponding letter next to each number.
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A.      Exclusive Distribution
 
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B Setting a price based on perceived value rather than production cost.
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B.      Value-Based Pricing
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 D A promotional strategy that ensures all marketing efforts convey a consistent message.
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C.       Product Differentiation
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A  A distribution strategy where a brand limits sales to a select number of locations to maintain exclusivity.
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D.      Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC)
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C Developing unique features to make a product stand out from competitors.
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<h2>Section 3: Fill in the Blank </h2>
6. A well-structured distribution strategy ensures that products are available at the right PLACE, at the right TIME, and in the right QUANTITY_.
7. A pricing strategy where businesses initially charge a high price and then reduce it over time is called SKIMMING.
8. Companies use  KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPIs) to measure the effectiveness of a promotional campaign, such as sales growth and customer engagement.
9. DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY  is the process of selecting the best channels to get a product to customers efficiently.
<h2> </h2>
<h2>Section 4: Scenario-Based Questions</h2>
10.  A new energy drink company is trying to decide between a penetration pricing strategy and a skimming pricing strategy. Which one would you recommend and why? 
ANSWER: Penetration Pricing would be ideal if the goal is to quickly gain market share by attracting customers with lower prices. Skimming Pricing might be better if the company has a unique or premium product that can initially command a higher price.
11. A local business wants to improve its promotional efforts to boost brand awareness and increase sales. What three promotional strategies would you suggest, and how would they work together to create an effective campaign? 
ANSWER: (1) Digital Marketing (social media, email marketing), (2) Sales Promotions (discounts, limited-time offers), (3) Public Relations (press releases, community events). These strategies work together by engaging customers online, providing incentives to buy, and building a strong brand reputation.
<h2>Section 5: Fill-in-the-Blank & Terminology Questions</h2>
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Penetration
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Exclusive
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Positioning
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Break-Even Analysis
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Branding
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Price Skimming
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Intensive
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Marketing Integration
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Cost Plus Pricing
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Differentiation
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Value-Based
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Direct
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Direct Marketing
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Integrated Marketing Comm
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Demand Elasticity
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Promotion
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Selective
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Perceived Value
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Public Relations
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Psychological
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12. In pricing strategy, PRICE SKIMMING  pricing involves setting a high initial price before gradually reducing it over time.
13.  INTENSIVE distribution is when a product is sold through as many outlets as possible to maximize reach and availability.
14. The marketing practice of ensuring a product has a unique identity and appeal in the market compared to competitors is known as BRANDING_.
15. INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS is the process of combining multiple marketing communication tools to ensure a consistent and clear message across all channels.
16. When determining a product’s price, companies must consider PERCEIVED VALUE, which is the amount consumers are willing to pay based on their perception of the product's worth.
17. A pricing strategy that calculates the total production cost and adds a fixed percentage markup is called COST PLUS pricing.
18. PENETRATION pricing is when a company initially sets a low price to attract customers and gain market share before gradually increasing the price.
19. The practice of maintaining a premium brand image by limiting product availability to only certain locations is called EXCLUSIVE distribution.
20. POSITIONING refers to how a company positions its brand, product, or service in the minds of consumers relative to competitors.
21. A strategy that focuses on making a product different from others in the market is known as DIFFERENTIATION.
22. The practice of reaching customers directly without intermediaries through methods like email and SMS is called DIRECT marketing.
23. The process of calculating the point where revenue equals total costs and no profit or loss is made is known as BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS.
24. A pricing strategy that bases price decisions on how much customers are willing to pay rather than production costs is called VALUE BASED pricing.
25. Advertising, social media, and email campaigns are all part of PROMOTION, which helps businesses communicate with potential customers.
26. When a company limits its distribution to select stores or regions to maintain brand exclusivity, it is using SELECTIVE distribution.
27. The ability of a product's price to impact demand, where higher prices result in lower sales and vice versa, is calledDEMAND ELASTICITY .
28. A strategic approach to advertising that aligns all communication channels to maintain a consistent message is called MARKETING INTEGRATION.
29. When a company leverages unpaid media coverage to promote its brand and improve public perception, it is using PUBLIC RELATIONS.
30. A pricing strategy that takes advantage of how consumers perceive numbers, such as setting prices at $9.99 instead of $10, is called PSYCHOLOGICAL pricing.

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